CLINICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, AND MODERN TREATMENT METHODS OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HERNIATION

This article analyzes the clinical and anatomical features, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and modern treatment methods of intervertebral disc herniation. The study describes the anatomical structure of the intervertebral disc and its degenerative changes, the mechanism of intervertebral disc herniation development, the most common sites of the disease, and the clinical manifestations resulting from compression of the nerve roots. In addition, the diagnostic significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of intervertebral disc herniation, the effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatment methods, as well as preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of the disease are analyzed.