Labeled Datasets for Research on Information Operations
Labeled Datasets for Research on Information Operations Compliance with Platform Terms To comply with the platform terms, we ask that you download one data file per researcher, per day. By requesting access, you agree to abide by these rules
Labeled Datasets for Research on Information Operations
Compliance with Platform Terms
To comply with the platform terms, we ask that you download one data file per researcher, per day. By requesting access, you agree to abide by these rules.
Data Sharing Policy
Updated September 9th, 2026
In accordance with university, security, and ethical guidelines, we can only process data requests that meet the following requirements:
- Requesters must be faculty, research staff, or graduate students at a recognized research institution.
- Requests must be submitted using an institutional email address.
- The research institution must not be affiliated with a foreign military organization or a Foreign Entity of Concern, as defined by Indiana University Policy RP-11-012.
README
19-November-2024
Contact: Observatory on Social Media
Dataset Articles
This dataset is collected and processed according to the paper “Labeled Datasets for Research on Information Operations.”
Description
These datasets contain data curated for research on information operations (IO) and includes both labeled IO and control data. The datasets cover 26 verified IO campaigns from various countries and provide comprehensive records of posts from IO accounts alongside control posts from legitimate accounts discussing similar topics during the same periods. The datasets enable the development and benchmarking of IO detection methods by comparing coordinated versus organic accounts.
License
This dataset is available under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license. If you use this data, please cite the original paper.
Dataset Content
The dataset includes anonymized fields to preserve privacy, and is structured with the following columns:
- postid: Unique identifier for each post within the dataset.
- post_text: The textual content of the post. The PII inside post_text such as mentions and URLs are hashed
- application_name: Hashed version of the name of the application or platform from which the post was made.
- post_language: Language in which the post was written.
- in_reply_to_postid: Anonymized ID of the post this entry is replying to, if applicable.
- in_reply_to_accountid: Anonymized ID of the account the post is replying to, if applicable.
- post_time: Timestamp indicating when the post was made.
- accountid: Unique anonymized ID for the account that created the post.
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Files are hosted on the source repository. Click download to access the full dataset.