RoMathExam: A Longitudinal Dataset of Romanian High-School Math Exams (1895–2025)

Overview

RoMathExam is a longitudinal dataset of Romanian high-school mathematics examinations designed to support research on assessment analytics, curriculum evolution, and educational retrieval.

The dataset contains 10,592 distinct problems organized into 600+ complete exam sets across multiple tracks (M1–M4), spanning 1895–2025 with a robust standardized core from 1957 onwards. It unifies official exam sessions and ministry-published training variants under a single schema, enriched with curriculum-aligned topic tags, vectorial embeddings, and solution complexity metrics.

File Structure

The dataset is distributed in two formats to accommodate different use cases:

1. RoMathExam.json (Base Dataset)

Lightweight version containing the raw problem text, metadata, and curriculum tags. Ideal for NLP analysis, curriculum tracking, and basic training.

2. RoMathExam_Enriched.json (Enriched Dataset)

A heavier version intended for RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) and difficulty modeling. It includes 1536-dimensional embeddings for every problem and synthetic solutions generated by three frontier reasoning models.

Data Schema

Base Object (RoMathExam.json)

interface Problem

/** The problem statement text (Markdown/LaTeX) */

cerinta: string;
 /** The grading key/solution text (Markdown/LaTeX). Null if unavailable. */

barem: string | null;
 /** Array of curriculum-aligned topic tags */

tags: string[];
 /** The year the exam took place */

an: number;
 /** The examination session type */

sesiune: "generală" | "toamnă" | "vară" | "specială" | "simulare" | "model" | "antrenament" | null;
 /** The difficulty track (normalized) */

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