Withholding Performance for Breach in International Transactions: An Exercise in Equations, Proportions or Coercion?

50 (ETUDE DE DROIT COMPAR9) (1893), quoted in CATHERINE MALECKI, L’EXCEPTION D’INEXECUTION 1 (1999).2 Diversion of Water from Meuse (Neth.v. Belg.), 1937 P.C.I.J. (ser.A/B) No.70, at 50 (June 28) (dissenting opinion of Judge Anzilloti).3 Non-performance and breach are not coextensive.Non-performance does not necessarily amount to a breach entitling the aggrieved party to claim damages as the nonperforming party can be excused, for example, by a supervening event.